Chapter 8 Review
1. Chemical bonds form by the attraction between a positive nucleus, and a negative electrons or the attraction between a positive ion and a negative ion.
2.Positive and Negative ions form so that an atom can obtain a noble gas configuration.
3.The number of valence electrons helps in determining which elements will join, halogens have 7, alkali metals have 1, making it easier for a full 8 in the valence shell.
4.Ionization energy refers to how easily an atom loses an electron. The electron affinity indicates how much attraction an atom has for electrons. Ions form when an atom loses or gains an electron, these two lead to it and create the attraction between electrons.
5.Ionic bonds form by atoms going the speed of light and clashing together.
6.Three physical properties are Melting Point, Boiling Point, and Hardness.
7.In order to be electrically neutral the charges of the cations and anions must balance or cancel one another out.
8.You need to have the subscripts, and the chemical symbols.
9.Subscripts are used in chemical formula, to help balance out equations.
10.First you have to name the cation, then second, you have to name the anion. Monatomic ions use the same element name. Monatomic anions take their name from the root if the element name plus the suffix ide.If the compound contains a polyatomic ion simply name the ion.
11.A metallic bond is the attraction of a metallic cation for delocalized electrons.
12.Malleable metals mean that they can be hammered into sheets, and ductile means that they can be drawn into a wire.
13.Bronze is used in bearings, bells, and medals. Sterling Silver is used in tableware, and jewelry.
14.Noble gases dont form chemical bonds, because they are basically known as the stuck up snobby elements. They refuse to "bond" with any other element.
15.Cesium: 1 Rubidium: 1 Gallium: 3 Zinc: 2 Strontium: 2
16.Barium is a member of group 2A and a metal. This means that it has two electrons beyond the noble gas, it can also participate in the metallic bond where the Ba ion will release the two electrons into the lattice.
17.It forms because it needs to gain 3 electrons, because electrons are negative, nitrogen is given a –3 charge.
18. Fluorine has more potential energy because it still needs its outer layer filled, while neon is a noble gas and already has a full outer layer.
19.A.Reactive B.Reactive C.Not Reactive
20. he iron ion is usually Fe2.However, iron has multiple oxidation sates.Hence, it is also easy for iron to lose 1 more electron to form Fe3.Fe2 ions further oxidized when it meets an oxidizing agent.Oxygen will remove 1 more electron from the ion to make it Fe3.
2.Positive and Negative ions form so that an atom can obtain a noble gas configuration.
3.The number of valence electrons helps in determining which elements will join, halogens have 7, alkali metals have 1, making it easier for a full 8 in the valence shell.
4.Ionization energy refers to how easily an atom loses an electron. The electron affinity indicates how much attraction an atom has for electrons. Ions form when an atom loses or gains an electron, these two lead to it and create the attraction between electrons.
5.Ionic bonds form by atoms going the speed of light and clashing together.
6.Three physical properties are Melting Point, Boiling Point, and Hardness.
7.In order to be electrically neutral the charges of the cations and anions must balance or cancel one another out.
8.You need to have the subscripts, and the chemical symbols.
9.Subscripts are used in chemical formula, to help balance out equations.
10.First you have to name the cation, then second, you have to name the anion. Monatomic ions use the same element name. Monatomic anions take their name from the root if the element name plus the suffix ide.If the compound contains a polyatomic ion simply name the ion.
11.A metallic bond is the attraction of a metallic cation for delocalized electrons.
12.Malleable metals mean that they can be hammered into sheets, and ductile means that they can be drawn into a wire.
13.Bronze is used in bearings, bells, and medals. Sterling Silver is used in tableware, and jewelry.
14.Noble gases dont form chemical bonds, because they are basically known as the stuck up snobby elements. They refuse to "bond" with any other element.
15.Cesium: 1 Rubidium: 1 Gallium: 3 Zinc: 2 Strontium: 2
16.Barium is a member of group 2A and a metal. This means that it has two electrons beyond the noble gas, it can also participate in the metallic bond where the Ba ion will release the two electrons into the lattice.
17.It forms because it needs to gain 3 electrons, because electrons are negative, nitrogen is given a –3 charge.
18. Fluorine has more potential energy because it still needs its outer layer filled, while neon is a noble gas and already has a full outer layer.
19.A.Reactive B.Reactive C.Not Reactive
20. he iron ion is usually Fe2.However, iron has multiple oxidation sates.Hence, it is also easy for iron to lose 1 more electron to form Fe3.Fe2 ions further oxidized when it meets an oxidizing agent.Oxygen will remove 1 more electron from the ion to make it Fe3.